Según la teoría del Eterno Retorno de Nietzsche, todo lo que ha ocurrido volverá a ocurrir. ¿Da miedo, verdad? Es posible que la formulación del filósofo alemán no sea exacta o no pueda aplicarse fácilmente a la historia, pero la sola posibilidad de que acierte pone los pelos de punta.
Especialmente ahora que la victoria de Donald Trump, por su personalidad, su ideario y su camino a la presidencia de los Estados Unidos, trae a la mente paralelismos con uno de los personajes y una de las épocas más oscuras de la historia: Hitler y el nazismo. Aunque la principal diferencia entre ambos es que uno estaba dispuesto a poner a todo el mundo bajo el yugo alemán y el otro parece más partidario del aislacionismo, son muchos los que han reparado en sus múltiples y tristes semejanzas.
Trump: ¡Qué precioso e importante día! Los hombres y mujeres olvidados no volverán a ser olvidados. Iremos todos juntos, como nunca antes
Hitler: El pilar de nuestro resurgir es el obrero alemán. Ese obrero alemán que no debe y que no puede seguir siendo un extranjero en nuestro propio pueblo
El creador del partido nacional-socialista alemán se hizo con el poder en las urnas gracias a su habilidad para conectar con los millones de alemanes arruinados por la crisis económica que sacudió al país tras la Primera Guerra Mundial y tras el crack del 29.
Esos alemanes, a los que Hitler se ganó con las palabras que querían oír, fueron los protagonistas de un profundo cambio sociológico y electoral que terminó de derrumbar la democrática pero maltrecha República de Weimar y facilitó la ignominia que vino después.
Desde 1930, el apoyo al Partido Nacional-Socialista no dejó de crecer: de los 12 escaños logrados en 1928, pasó a 107 en 1930, a 230 en julio de 1932 y a 288 en 1933, tras el nombramiento de Hitler como canciller.
Hitler: El destino del pueblo alemán depende únicamente de nosotros. Nosotros, con nuestro esfuerzo, nuestro coraje, nuestra determinación, nuestra osadía y nuestra perseverancia, nos alzaremos de nuevo
Trump: Hoy, hemos hecho historia. Hoy, hemos creado un gobierno que es, de nuevo, de y para la gente
Un discurso que presenta enormes semejanzas, tanto por su tono como por los conceptos que incluye, con el que empleó Hitler para ganarse las simpatías primero, y el fervor después, de una Alemania sollozante y deseosa de venganza por las condiciones que se le habían impuesto en aquel Tratado de Versalles que más que una paz fue un castigo.
Así es como el dictador logró que su partido pasase, entre 1928 y 1933, de tener 800.000 votos a tener más de 17 millones. Con frases como esta, que incluyó en su primer discurso como canciller:
3. LA CULPA ES (SIEMPRE) DEL OTRO
Trump: Estamos perdiendo empleos. La gente está inundando nuestro país. El otro día, íbamos a deportar a 800 personas. Y quizás porque alguien pulsó el botón incorrecto o, peor aún, porque corrupción, esa gente que iba a ser deportada acabó convirtiéndose en ciudadana".
Hitler: Son esa gente que no tiene donde establecerse pero que habita en todas partes sin tener un lugar en el que establecerse. Esa gente que vive hoy en Berlín y mañana, si es necesario, en Bruselas, París, Praga, Viena o Londres y que se siente en todas partes como si fuese su casa. ¡Judíos!
Cualquier salvapatrias que se precie elabora un relato simplificado de la realidad: todo problema concreto tiene, en su discurso, un culpable claro y una solución sencilla. Sucede a veces, incluso, que encuentran un mismo culpable para todos los problemas. Es lo que se conoce como "chivo expiatorio".
El de Hitler fueron los judíos. Durante años, los dibujó como los responsables de la "postración alemana" y consiguió situarlos, es verdad que bebiendo de una tradición antisemita europea ya existente, como los responsables directos, como "acaparadores" y "usureros", de la pobreza del resto de los alemanes. Primero dejaron de ser alemanes y más tarde dejaron de ser personas. Por eso pudieron ser exterminados sin contemplaciones cuando el nazismo desató la destrucción sobre Europa.
Hitler: El gran momento apenas comienza. Alemania ha despertado. Hemos ganado el poder en Alemania. Ahora debemos ganarnos al pueblo alemán (...) Nuestro sueño durante años se ha hecho realidad
Trump: Hemos mostrado a América que la mayoría silenciosa ya no permanecerá en silencio por más tiempo. Hoy, hemos creado una América que gana otra vez. Hoy, hemos hecho realidad nuestras esperanzas, nuestros sueños, nuestro ilimitado potencial
La expulsión de los inmigrantes y el cierre de las fronteras a los musulmanes es, parece, el primer paso de la receta trumpiana para recuperar la grandeza de América. Su lema de campaña ha sido precisamente ese: "Make America Great Again" ("Hagamos América grande de nuevo").
Lo que implica, al mismo tiempo, una grandeza supuestamente perdida y la necesidad de hacer todo lo necesario para recuperarla. La expulsión de judíos, y su posterior exterminio, también era el primer paso para devolver a Alemania al lugar de preeminencia mundial que, a juicio de Hitler y sus seguidores pangermanistas, le correspondía.
5. LAS AMISTADES PELIGROSAS
Más que un paralelismo, en este apartado toca hablar de una triste solidaridad. Hitler no tuvo amistades peligrosas porque no había nadie más peligroso que él. Sirvió de espejo, eso sí, para otros dictadores, como Mussolini o Franco e impulsó y generó corrientes de simpatía o movimientos políticamente organizados que apoyaban su enloquecida empresa, como los colaboracionistas austriacos, el mariscal Pétain en Francia o los filonazis de Noruega, Rumanía o Hungría.
De alguna manera, creó el triste molde de una de las ideologías más nocivas que se han conocido. Por eso espanta que aquellos que de manera total o parcial siguen defendiendo algunas de las descabelladas tesis hitlerianas en nuestros días hayan sido los que con más regocijo y efusividad han celebrado la victoria de Trump en Estados Unidos. Desde el Ku Klux Klan a los racistas sudafricanos, pasando por toda la ultraderecha europea.
6. TEATRALIDAD/TELERREALIDAD
Las casi legendarias habilidades oratorias de Hitler fueron un arma indispensable en su ascenso al poder. El genocida alemán encandilaba a las masas con sus discursos gracias al timbre de su voz y a una gestualidad teatral, operística incluso, que propagaba su mensaje por todos los medios de masas a su alcance.
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Nadie, de momento, ha resaltado las habilidades oratorias de Donald Trump. Pero es evidente que el magnate domina el ambiente de los medios de comunicación pues, además de multimillonario, es una estrella de la telerrealidad.
Durante estos meses, han sido muchos los perfiles psicológicos de Trump que han circulado por todas partes. Su rival demócrata y sus apoyos, entre otros el presidente saliente Barack Obama, han puesto el foco en uno de los rasgos más llamativos y potencialmente peligrosos de la personalidad del republicano: su inestabilidad emocional, su nula capacidad para controlar la ira.
Hitler: Vamos a darle a la mujer la posibilidad de casarse y de encontrar su propia familia, de tener hijos, porque eso es lo que más beneficia a nuestro pueblo
Trump: Las más listas se comportan de una manera muy femenina y anhelante, pero realmente son asesinas en serie (...) He visto mujeres manipular a hombres con solo un guiño de ojos... o con otra parte de su cuerpo
Ni Hitler ni Trump aprecian a las mujeres. Si el primero les reservaba a las mujeres alemanas arias un papel limitado al cuidado del hogar y la crianza de los niños, el segundo parece tener tendencia, dadas sus declaraciones y comportamientos, a convertirlas en un mero objeto sexual.
Las denuncias por abuso sexual que salpicaron a Trump durante la campaña, sus ideas sobre el papel de las mujeres en la sociedad, los comentarios de tono sexual sobre su propia hija... indican una sexualidad un tanto problemática, tal y como era la de Hitler. Eva Braun se suicidó junto a él en Berlín, cuando la Alemania nazi ya había sido derrotada, después de soportar una relación obsesiva y plagada de vejaciones. Pero antes de Eva Braun, Hitler tuvo dos amantes y las dos acabaron suicidándose.
Lemas de las protestas anti-Trump
Formal portrait of German Chancellor (fuhrer) Adolf Hitler on his forty-fifth birthday. (Photo by Time Life Pictures/Mansell/Time Life Pictures/Getty Images
BERLIN, GERMANY: Undated and unlocated picture of Nazi leader Adolf Hitler (1889-1945) After Hitler was made Chancellor in January 1933 he suspended the constitution, silenced opposition, exploited successfully the burning of the Reichstag (P...
An undated picture shows nazi Chancellor Adolf Hitler posing with Paul von Hindenburg (R, 1925-1934), President of the Republic of Weimar. Woman at left is unidentified. AFP PHOTO // FRANCE PRESSE VOIR (Photo credit should read -/AFP/Getty Images)
An undated picture shows nazi Chancellor Adolf Hitler followed by commander-in-chief Hermann Goering (2nd L) and head of the SS Heinrich Himmler (3rd L) marching in Berlin next to the hotel Excelsior which was Hitler's base in the city in the ea...
Neudeck, Germany, 3rd July, 1933, Nazi Chancellor Adolf Hitler stands with President Von Hindenburg after their meeting (Photo by Popperfoto/Getty Images)
Germany - 20th century - Adolf Hitler (1889-1945) - Hitler delivers a radio speech to German people (1933)
A picture taken on June 14, 1934 in Venice shows German Chancellor and Nazi Dictator Adolf Hitler (R) shaking hands with Italian dictator Benito Mussolini. AFP PHOTO FRANCE VOIR (Photo credit should read -/AFP/Getty Images)
UNITED KINGDOM - CIRCA 1934: Painting of Adolph Hitler, sitting, in uniform. - Date of Photo: 1934 - 1944 (Photo by Studio Villani/Alinari via Getty Images)
6th September 1934, German Chancellor and Nazi leader Adolf Hitler addresses the Nuremberg Nazi congress (Photo by Popperfoto/Getty Images)
19th December 1934: German chancellor Adolf Hitler salutes a crowd of 60,000 at a Hitler Youth rally at Nuremberg. (Photo by Central Press/Getty Images)
GERMANY - SEPTEMBER 08: Adolf Hitler shakes the hand of the bishop Ludwig Muller during the National Socialist Congress held in Nuremberg in 1934 - Date of Photo: 8 Settembre 1934 (Photo by Societe' du Petit Parisien Dupuy & C.ie, Paris/Alinari ...
UNSPECIFIED - CIRCA 1935: Adolf Hitler (1889-1945). (Photo by Roger Viollet/Getty Images)
UNITED KINGDOM - CIRCA 1935: Adolf Hitler photographed with Hermann Roechling and other Nazi leaders - Date of Photo: 1940 ca. (Photo by Unidentified Author/Alinari via Getty Images)
German Chancellor Adolf Hitler pictured at his Obersalzberg, Bavaria Home, 5th April 1935 (Photo by Popperfoto/Getty Images)
Fuhrer and Chancellor of Germany Adolf Hitler waving the ships on parade of the German Navy. Sailors in a lifeboat respond to the salute raising oars. Germany, June 1935 (Photo by Mondadori Portfolio via Getty Images)
10th April 1935: Prussian premier and Reich Air Minister Hermann Goering (1893 - 1946) (R) and his bride, German actor Emmy Sonnemann (1893 - 1973), are joined by German Fuhrer Adolf Hitler (1889 - 1945) (L) at a banquet table during their weddi...
BERLIN - AUGUST 1: Adolf Hitler and his staff salute the teams during the opening ceremonies of the XI Olympic Games on August 1, 936 in Berlin, Germany. (Photo by Getty Images)
One million people gather in Berlin's Olympic Stadium and adjoining Mayfield, 28 September 1937, to hear speeches of German führer Adolf Hitler and Italian leader Benito Mussolini, who claim the alliance between Italy and Germany. Benito Mussol...
NUREMBERG, GERMANY - JANUARY 1: A picture dated 1936 showing German chancellor Adolf Hitler leaving the Nuremberg Party Congress. // Photo datTe de 1936 du chancelier Adolf Hitler quittant le congrFs du parti nazi a Nuremberg. (Photo credit shou...
A picture dated 1936 shows German Chancellor and nazi dictator Adolf Hitler shaking hands with young Harald Quandt (1921-1967) in his uniform of the Hitlerian Youth Movement. Harald Quandt was Magda Goebbels' son from her first marriage with ind...
A picture taken in September 1937, in Munich, shows German Chancellor Adolf Hitler (R) riding in a car with Italian dictator Benito Mussolini while the crowd gives the fascist salute. AFP PHOTO / FRANCE PRESSE VOIR (Photo credit should read -/AF...
BERLIN, GERMANY: Undated and unlocated picture of Nazi leader Adolf Hitler (C,1889-1945) with Joseph Goebbels (R), Hitler's enthusiastic supporter. After Hitler was made Chancellor in January 1933, he appointed Goebbels head of the Ministry of...
Nazism - Germany - 20th century - Nazi gathering in Weimar - Adolf Hitler during the divisions parade - Rudolf Hess standing by the car (1936)
GERMANY:Undated and unlocated picture of German Chancellor and 'Reichsfnhrer' (chief) Adolf Hitler relaxing with his mistress Eva Braun. (Photo credit should read AFP/Getty Images)
During a ceremony in remembrance of 1923 Beer Hall Putsch, German Fuhrer and Reichskanzler Adolf Hitler (1889 - 1945) (center, back to camera) shakes hands with a uniformed Nazi party member as others stand at attention in front of one of the tw...
10th November 1937: Nazi dictator, Adolf Hitler (1889 - 1945) and Hermann Goering (1893 - 1946), leading a procession of Nazis to the Munich Burgerbrau Cellar, to celebrate the Munich Beer Hall Putsch of 1923. (Photo by Keystone/Getty Images)
Top Nazi Party members march in remembrance of 1923 Beer Hall Putsch, Munich, Germany, November 9, 1938. Front row, from left, Friedrich Weber, Hermann Goering (1893 - 1946), Adolf Hitler (1889 - 1945), Ulrich Graf, and unidentified; back row, A...
GERMANY - NOVEMBER 08: Hitler speaks at the Burgerbraukeller in Munich Germany November 8th or 9th, 1938 celebration in remembrance of the Putsch. (Photo by Hugo Jaeger/Time & Life Pictures/Getty Images)
Lowenbraukeller, Munich during the Putsch commemoration. Novemeber 8 or 9th, 1938. Hitler (L), Graf (2nd R), and others. (Photo by Hugo Jaeger/Timepix/Time Life Pictures/Getty Images)
German victory parade in Warsaw. Hitler, two unidentifieds, Keitel behind them, and General Blaskowitz, and General Kesselring. (Photo by Hugo Jaeger/Timepix/Time Life Pictures/Getty Images)
Third Reich Chancellor Adolf Hitler talking with the apostolic Nuncio Monsignor Cesare Orsenigo during a reception. Berlin, December 1939 (Photo by Heinrich Hoffmann/Mondadori Portfolio via Getty Images)
A picture dated 1939 shows German nazi Chancellor and dictator Adolf Hitler (R) with Emmy Goering (C) talking to a baby hold by a nun. AFP PHOTO / FRANCE PRESSE VOIR (Photo credit should read -/AFP/Getty Images)
German nazi Chancellor Adolf Hitler (L) receives Italian Governor of Lybia Italo Balbo (C) at the Berghof near Berchtesgaden on August 13, 1938. AFP PHOTO / FRANCE PRESSE VOIR (Photo credit should read -/AFP/Getty Images)
German nazi Chancellor Adolf Hitler (4th L) is seen with Admiral Miklos Horthy (2nd L), Regent of Hungary, during the launching ceremonies of the 'Prinz Eugen' cruiser in Kiel on August 22, 1938. AFP PHOTO / FRANCE PRESSE VOIR (Photo credit shou...
An undated picture shows German Nazi Chancellor Adolf Hitler in a plane looking at a map with Governor-general of Nazi-occupied Poland, Hans Frank in the background. AFP PHOTO / FRANCE PRESSE VOIR (Photo credit should read -/AFP/Getty Images)
A picture dated 1939 shows German Nazi Chancellor and dictator Adolf Hitler (C) consulting a geographical survey map with his general staff including Heinrich Himmler (L) and Martin Bormann (R) at an unlocated place during World War II. AFP PHOT...
A picture dated 1939 shows German nazi Chancellor and dictator Adolf Hitler (3rd R) confering with leader of the SS Heinrich Himmler (right of Hitler) and other high rank officers of his general staff during a military campaign at the beginning ...
A picture dated 1939 shows German nazi Chancellor and dictator Adolf Hitler (4th L, no uniform) having lunch with high rank officers of his general staff during a military campaign at the beginning of World War II. Nazi Field Marshal Wilhelm Kei...
GERMANY - DECEMBER 22: Hitler Visiting The Soldiers Of The Wehrmacht After The Western Air Raid In September In Germany On December 22Nd 1941 (Photo by Keystone-France/Gamma-Keystone via Getty Images)
Nazi leader German Chancellor Adolf Hitler (R) shakes hands with Spanish Generalissimo Francisco Franco at Hendaye train station on the French-Spanish border 23 October 1940. (Photo credit should read -/AFP/Getty Images)
German nazi leader Adolf Hitler meets with Spanish facist leader Francisco Franco, in October 1940, in an unlocated place. (Photo credit should read OFF/AFP/Getty Images)
A picture taken in June 1940 during World War II at Langemark German cemetery, nazi Chancellor Adolf Hitler pays tribute to German soldiers fallen during the First World War as he visits the German troops on the border between France and Belgium...
French Head of State Philippe Petain (L) shakes hands with German Chancellor Adolf Hitler in Montoire-sur-le-Loir, western France, on October 24, 1940 during talks at the end of which Petain agreed to Hitler's conditions including the collaborat...
An undated and unlocated picture shows German Nazi chancellor Adolf Hitler receiving flowers from little children. AFP PHOTO / FRANCE PRESSE VOIR (Photo credit should read -/AFP/Getty Images)
A picture dated 1939 shows German nazi Chancellor and dictator Adolf Hitler with his German Shepherd dog. AFP PHOTO / FRANCE PRESSE VOIR (Photo credit should read -/AFP/Getty Images)
BERLIN, GERMANY - MAY 1: German Nazi leader Adolf Hitler (3rd R) gives a Heil Hitler salute to the crowd from a balcony with German Foreign minister Joachim von Ribbentrop (L), Italian Foreign minister Galeazzo Ciano (2nd L), Commander of the L...
A picture dated 1939 shows German nazi Chancellor and dictator Adolf Hitler (2nd L) and Italian Duce Benito Mussolini smiling from a balcony with the Italian Kingdom's flag in the background. AFP PHOTO / FRANCE PRESSE VOIR (Photo credit should r...
German nazi Chancellor Adolf Hitler (R) informs Czech President Emil Hácha of the imminent German invasion of Czechoslovakia on March 15, 1939 in Berlin. Threatening a Luftwaffe attack on Prague, Hitler persuaded Hácha to order the capitulatio...
German nazi Chancellor Adolf Hitler looks out from a window of Prague Castle on March 17, 1939 two days after the invasion of Czechoslovakia by the Third Reich's army. AFP PHOTO / FRANCE PRESSE VOIR (Photo credit should read -/AFP/Getty Images)
German nazi Chancellor Adolf Hitler and his army parade in Prague on March 15, 1939 day of the invasion of Czechoslovakia by the Wehrmacht. AFP PHOTO / FRANCE PRESSE VOIR (Photo credit should read -/AFP/Getty Images)
A picture dated 1939 shows German Nazi Chancellor Adolf Hitler giving the nazi salute during a rally next to 'Deputy Furhrer' Rudolf Hess. AFP PHOTO / FRANCE PRESSE VOIR (Photo credit should read -/AFP/Getty Images)
A picture dated 1939 shows German Nazi Chancellor Adolf Hitler and high rank nazi officers lincluding Hermann Goering (4th R) looking at the three-dimensional map of some countryside. AFP PHOTO / FRANCE PRESSE VOIR / Ordnance Survey map (Photo ...
A picture taken on November 24, 1938 shows the wax figure of German Nazi Chancellor Adolf Hitler having his moustache combed by a hairdresser at Madame Tussauds Wax museum in London. AFP PHOTO / FRANCE PRESSE VOIR (Photo credit should read -/AFP...
FILE - In this July 31, 1938, file photo German Chancellor Adolf Hitler salutes a huge crowd at a sports meeting in Breslau, Germany. Former Liberian President Charles Taylor is part of a long parade of leaders guilty or accused of similar, and ...
FILE - The May 22, 1939 file photo shows, from left, German Foreign Minister Joachim von Ribbentrop; Chief of the German navy, Grand Admiral Dr. H.C. Erich Raeder; Italian Foreign Minister Count Galeazzo Ciano; Chief of the German army, Colonel ...
German Fuhrer and Reichskanzler (essentially Chancellor) Adolf Hitler (1889 - 1945) sits with other Nazi Party officials at a Christmas party for of Waffen SS (or Schutzstaffel) officer cadets at the Lowenbraukeller. Munich, Germany, December 18...
GERMANY - DECEMBER 11: Speech Of The Fuhrer During The Assembly Of The Reichstags In Berlin-Germany On December 11St 1941 (Photo by Keystone-France/Gamma-Keystone via Getty Images)
Hitler at funeral of NSKK leader Adolf Huenlein. (Photo by Hugo Jaeger/Timepix/Time Life Pictures/Getty Images)
Hitler's 54th birthday; the Philharmonie. (Photo by Hugo Jaeger/Timepix/Time Life Pictures/Getty Images)
April 1943: German Nazi dictator Adolf Hitler planning his next move. (Photo by Hulton Archive/Getty Images)
Chancellor Adolf Hitler leaving the Headquarters of the Armies accompanied by Field Marshal Hans von Kluge. Russia, March 1943 (Photo by Heinrich Hoffmann/Mondadori Portfolio via Getty Images)
Adolf Hitler (1889 - 1945) with Gertrud Forster, born Deetz, the wife of Albert Forster (1902 - 1952), Gauleiter of Danzig, at the Teehaus Moslahnerkopf, Berchtesgaden, Germany, 1943. (Photo by Galerie Bilderwelt/Getty Images)
UNSPECIFIED - OCTOBER 13: The Fuhrer Adolf Hitler Visiting His Headquarters And Congratulating Heinrich Himmler (Right), Head Of The Ss And The Gestapo, For His 43Rd Birthday, On October 13, 1943. (Photo by Keystone-France/Gamma-Keystone via Get...
Austrian-born German Fuhrer and Reichskanzler (essentially Chancellor) Adolf Hitler (1889 - 1945) (left) greets his Propaganda Minister Joseph Goebbels (1987 - 1945) a few hours after Hitler survived an assassination attempt by members of the Ge...
GERMANY - MAY 02: National Funeral Of General Colonel Hube In Berlin-Germany On May 2Nd 1944 (Photo by Keystone-France/Gamma-Keystone via Getty Images)
Austrian-born German Fuhrer and Reichskanzler (essentially Chancellor) Adolf Hitler (1889 - 1945) (foreground, left) visits with officers wounded in the July 20 attempt to assassinate Hitler by members of the German military, Germany, late July,...
14th October 1944: German dictator Adolf Hitler at various moments during his delivery of a speech. (Photo by Keystone/Getty Images)
GERMANY - JULY 20: (L-R) Deposed Italian dictator Benito Mussolini, German officer Paul Schmidt and Adolf Hitler survey damage at Hitler's bunker HQ Wolfschanze, aka the Wolf's Lair, hours after a failed bombing attempt on his life by members of...
BERLIN, GERMANY - OCTOBER 1: Undated and unlocated picture of one of Adolf Hitler 's dogs facing his master's photo.
6th July 1945: A bust of Adolf Hitler lies amidst the ruins of the Chancellery, Berlin. (Photo by Reg Speller/Fox Photos/Getty Images)
6th July 1945: A bust of Adolf Hitler lies amidst the ruins of the Chancellery, Berlin. (Photo by Reg Speller/Fox Photos/Getty Images)
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BERLIN, GERMANY: Paul von Hindenburg, 85, (L), German general and President (1847-1934) poses with the flamboyant Nazi leader Adolf Hitler (1889-1945) 30 January 1933 in Berlin after Hindenburg appointed Hitler as Chancellor of Germany. Hitler...
Formal portrait of German Chancellor (fuhrer) Adolf Hitler on his forty-fifth birthday. (Photo by Time Life Pictures/Mansell/Time Life Pictures/Getty Images
BERLIN, GERMANY: Undated and unlocated picture of Nazi leader Adolf Hitler (1889-1945) After Hitler was made Chancellor in January 1933 he suspended the constitution, silenced opposition, exploited successfully the burning of the Reichstag (P...
An undated picture shows nazi Chancellor Adolf Hitler posing with Paul von Hindenburg (R, 1925-1934), President of the Republic of Weimar. Woman at left is unidentified. AFP PHOTO // FRANCE PRESSE VOIR (Photo credit should read -/AFP/Getty Images)
An undated picture shows nazi Chancellor Adolf Hitler followed by commander-in-chief Hermann Goering (2nd L) and head of the SS Heinrich Himmler (3rd L) marching in Berlin next to the hotel Excelsior which was Hitler's base in the city in the ea...
Neudeck, Germany, 3rd July, 1933, Nazi Chancellor Adolf Hitler stands with President Von Hindenburg after their meeting (Photo by Popperfoto/Getty Images)
A picture taken on June 14, 1934 in Venice shows German Chancellor and Nazi Dictator Adolf Hitler (R) shaking hands with Italian dictator Benito Mussolini. AFP PHOTO FRANCE VOIR (Photo credit should read -/AFP/Getty Images)
UNITED KINGDOM - CIRCA 1934: Painting of Adolph Hitler, sitting, in uniform. - Date of Photo: 1934 - 1944 (Photo by Studio Villani/Alinari via Getty Images)
19th December 1934: German chancellor Adolf Hitler salutes a crowd of 60,000 at a Hitler Youth rally at Nuremberg. (Photo by Central Press/Getty Images)
GERMANY - SEPTEMBER 08: Adolf Hitler shakes the hand of the bishop Ludwig Muller during the National Socialist Congress held in Nuremberg in 1934 - Date of Photo: 8 Settembre 1934 (Photo by Societe' du Petit Parisien Dupuy & C.ie, Paris/Alinari ...
UNITED KINGDOM - CIRCA 1935: Adolf Hitler photographed with Hermann Roechling and other Nazi leaders - Date of Photo: 1940 ca. (Photo by Unidentified Author/Alinari via Getty Images)
Fuhrer and Chancellor of Germany Adolf Hitler waving the ships on parade of the German Navy. Sailors in a lifeboat respond to the salute raising oars. Germany, June 1935 (Photo by Mondadori Portfolio via Getty Images)
10th April 1935: Prussian premier and Reich Air Minister Hermann Goering (1893 - 1946) (R) and his bride, German actor Emmy Sonnemann (1893 - 1973), are joined by German Fuhrer Adolf Hitler (1889 - 1945) (L) at a banquet table during their weddi...
BERLIN - AUGUST 1: Adolf Hitler and his staff salute the teams during the opening ceremonies of the XI Olympic Games on August 1, 936 in Berlin, Germany. (Photo by Getty Images)
One million people gather in Berlin's Olympic Stadium and adjoining Mayfield, 28 September 1937, to hear speeches of German führer Adolf Hitler and Italian leader Benito Mussolini, who claim the alliance between Italy and Germany. Benito Mussol...
NUREMBERG, GERMANY - JANUARY 1: A picture dated 1936 showing German chancellor Adolf Hitler leaving the Nuremberg Party Congress. // Photo datTe de 1936 du chancelier Adolf Hitler quittant le congrFs du parti nazi a Nuremberg. (Photo credit shou...
A picture dated 1936 shows German Chancellor and nazi dictator Adolf Hitler shaking hands with young Harald Quandt (1921-1967) in his uniform of the Hitlerian Youth Movement. Harald Quandt was Magda Goebbels' son from her first marriage with ind...
A picture taken in September 1937, in Munich, shows German Chancellor Adolf Hitler (R) riding in a car with Italian dictator Benito Mussolini while the crowd gives the fascist salute. AFP PHOTO / FRANCE PRESSE VOIR (Photo credit should read -/AF...
BERLIN, GERMANY: Undated and unlocated picture of Nazi leader Adolf Hitler (C,1889-1945) with Joseph Goebbels (R), Hitler's enthusiastic supporter. After Hitler was made Chancellor in January 1933, he appointed Goebbels head of the Ministry of...
GERMANY:Undated and unlocated picture of German Chancellor and 'Reichsfnhrer' (chief) Adolf Hitler relaxing with his mistress Eva Braun. (Photo credit should read AFP/Getty Images)
During a ceremony in remembrance of 1923 Beer Hall Putsch, German Fuhrer and Reichskanzler Adolf Hitler (1889 - 1945) (center, back to camera) shakes hands with a uniformed Nazi party member as others stand at attention in front of one of the tw...
10th November 1937: Nazi dictator, Adolf Hitler (1889 - 1945) and Hermann Goering (1893 - 1946), leading a procession of Nazis to the Munich Burgerbrau Cellar, to celebrate the Munich Beer Hall Putsch of 1923. (Photo by Keystone/Getty Images)
Top Nazi Party members march in remembrance of 1923 Beer Hall Putsch, Munich, Germany, November 9, 1938. Front row, from left, Friedrich Weber, Hermann Goering (1893 - 1946), Adolf Hitler (1889 - 1945), Ulrich Graf, and unidentified; back row, A...
GERMANY - NOVEMBER 08: Hitler speaks at the Burgerbraukeller in Munich Germany November 8th or 9th, 1938 celebration in remembrance of the Putsch. (Photo by Hugo Jaeger/Time & Life Pictures/Getty Images)
Lowenbraukeller, Munich during the Putsch commemoration. Novemeber 8 or 9th, 1938. Hitler (L), Graf (2nd R), and others. (Photo by Hugo Jaeger/Timepix/Time Life Pictures/Getty Images)
German victory parade in Warsaw. Hitler, two unidentifieds, Keitel behind them, and General Blaskowitz, and General Kesselring. (Photo by Hugo Jaeger/Timepix/Time Life Pictures/Getty Images)
Third Reich Chancellor Adolf Hitler talking with the apostolic Nuncio Monsignor Cesare Orsenigo during a reception. Berlin, December 1939 (Photo by Heinrich Hoffmann/Mondadori Portfolio via Getty Images)
A picture dated 1939 shows German nazi Chancellor and dictator Adolf Hitler (R) with Emmy Goering (C) talking to a baby hold by a nun. AFP PHOTO / FRANCE PRESSE VOIR (Photo credit should read -/AFP/Getty Images)
German nazi Chancellor Adolf Hitler (L) receives Italian Governor of Lybia Italo Balbo (C) at the Berghof near Berchtesgaden on August 13, 1938. AFP PHOTO / FRANCE PRESSE VOIR (Photo credit should read -/AFP/Getty Images)
German nazi Chancellor Adolf Hitler (4th L) is seen with Admiral Miklos Horthy (2nd L), Regent of Hungary, during the launching ceremonies of the 'Prinz Eugen' cruiser in Kiel on August 22, 1938. AFP PHOTO / FRANCE PRESSE VOIR (Photo credit shou...
An undated picture shows German Nazi Chancellor Adolf Hitler in a plane looking at a map with Governor-general of Nazi-occupied Poland, Hans Frank in the background. AFP PHOTO / FRANCE PRESSE VOIR (Photo credit should read -/AFP/Getty Images)
A picture dated 1939 shows German Nazi Chancellor and dictator Adolf Hitler (C) consulting a geographical survey map with his general staff including Heinrich Himmler (L) and Martin Bormann (R) at an unlocated place during World War II. AFP PHOT...
A picture dated 1939 shows German nazi Chancellor and dictator Adolf Hitler (3rd R) confering with leader of the SS Heinrich Himmler (right of Hitler) and other high rank officers of his general staff during a military campaign at the beginning ...
A picture dated 1939 shows German nazi Chancellor and dictator Adolf Hitler (4th L, no uniform) having lunch with high rank officers of his general staff during a military campaign at the beginning of World War II. Nazi Field Marshal Wilhelm Kei...
GERMANY - DECEMBER 22: Hitler Visiting The Soldiers Of The Wehrmacht After The Western Air Raid In September In Germany On December 22Nd 1941 (Photo by Keystone-France/Gamma-Keystone via Getty Images)
Nazi leader German Chancellor Adolf Hitler (R) shakes hands with Spanish Generalissimo Francisco Franco at Hendaye train station on the French-Spanish border 23 October 1940. (Photo credit should read -/AFP/Getty Images)
German nazi leader Adolf Hitler meets with Spanish facist leader Francisco Franco, in October 1940, in an unlocated place. (Photo credit should read OFF/AFP/Getty Images)
A picture taken in June 1940 during World War II at Langemark German cemetery, nazi Chancellor Adolf Hitler pays tribute to German soldiers fallen during the First World War as he visits the German troops on the border between France and Belgium...
French Head of State Philippe Petain (L) shakes hands with German Chancellor Adolf Hitler in Montoire-sur-le-Loir, western France, on October 24, 1940 during talks at the end of which Petain agreed to Hitler's conditions including the collaborat...
An undated and unlocated picture shows German Nazi chancellor Adolf Hitler receiving flowers from little children. AFP PHOTO / FRANCE PRESSE VOIR (Photo credit should read -/AFP/Getty Images)
A picture dated 1939 shows German nazi Chancellor and dictator Adolf Hitler with his German Shepherd dog. AFP PHOTO / FRANCE PRESSE VOIR (Photo credit should read -/AFP/Getty Images)
BERLIN, GERMANY - MAY 1: German Nazi leader Adolf Hitler (3rd R) gives a Heil Hitler salute to the crowd from a balcony with German Foreign minister Joachim von Ribbentrop (L), Italian Foreign minister Galeazzo Ciano (2nd L), Commander of the L...
A picture dated 1939 shows German nazi Chancellor and dictator Adolf Hitler (2nd L) and Italian Duce Benito Mussolini smiling from a balcony with the Italian Kingdom's flag in the background. AFP PHOTO / FRANCE PRESSE VOIR (Photo credit should r...
German nazi Chancellor Adolf Hitler (R) informs Czech President Emil Hácha of the imminent German invasion of Czechoslovakia on March 15, 1939 in Berlin. Threatening a Luftwaffe attack on Prague, Hitler persuaded Hácha to order the capitulatio...
German nazi Chancellor Adolf Hitler looks out from a window of Prague Castle on March 17, 1939 two days after the invasion of Czechoslovakia by the Third Reich's army. AFP PHOTO / FRANCE PRESSE VOIR (Photo credit should read -/AFP/Getty Images)
German nazi Chancellor Adolf Hitler and his army parade in Prague on March 15, 1939 day of the invasion of Czechoslovakia by the Wehrmacht. AFP PHOTO / FRANCE PRESSE VOIR (Photo credit should read -/AFP/Getty Images)
A picture dated 1939 shows German Nazi Chancellor Adolf Hitler giving the nazi salute during a rally next to 'Deputy Furhrer' Rudolf Hess. AFP PHOTO / FRANCE PRESSE VOIR (Photo credit should read -/AFP/Getty Images)
A picture dated 1939 shows German Nazi Chancellor Adolf Hitler and high rank nazi officers lincluding Hermann Goering (4th R) looking at the three-dimensional map of some countryside. AFP PHOTO / FRANCE PRESSE VOIR / Ordnance Survey map (Photo ...
A picture taken on November 24, 1938 shows the wax figure of German Nazi Chancellor Adolf Hitler having his moustache combed by a hairdresser at Madame Tussauds Wax museum in London. AFP PHOTO / FRANCE PRESSE VOIR (Photo credit should read -/AFP...
FILE - In this July 31, 1938, file photo German Chancellor Adolf Hitler salutes a huge crowd at a sports meeting in Breslau, Germany. Former Liberian President Charles Taylor is part of a long parade of leaders guilty or accused of similar, and ...
FILE - The May 22, 1939 file photo shows, from left, German Foreign Minister Joachim von Ribbentrop; Chief of the German navy, Grand Admiral Dr. H.C. Erich Raeder; Italian Foreign Minister Count Galeazzo Ciano; Chief of the German army, Colonel ...
German Fuhrer and Reichskanzler (essentially Chancellor) Adolf Hitler (1889 - 1945) sits with other Nazi Party officials at a Christmas party for of Waffen SS (or Schutzstaffel) officer cadets at the Lowenbraukeller. Munich, Germany, December 18...
GERMANY - DECEMBER 11: Speech Of The Fuhrer During The Assembly Of The Reichstags In Berlin-Germany On December 11St 1941 (Photo by Keystone-France/Gamma-Keystone via Getty Images)
Chancellor Adolf Hitler leaving the Headquarters of the Armies accompanied by Field Marshal Hans von Kluge. Russia, March 1943 (Photo by Heinrich Hoffmann/Mondadori Portfolio via Getty Images)
Adolf Hitler (1889 - 1945) with Gertrud Forster, born Deetz, the wife of Albert Forster (1902 - 1952), Gauleiter of Danzig, at the Teehaus Moslahnerkopf, Berchtesgaden, Germany, 1943. (Photo by Galerie Bilderwelt/Getty Images)
UNSPECIFIED - OCTOBER 13: The Fuhrer Adolf Hitler Visiting His Headquarters And Congratulating Heinrich Himmler (Right), Head Of The Ss And The Gestapo, For His 43Rd Birthday, On October 13, 1943. (Photo by Keystone-France/Gamma-Keystone via Get...
Austrian-born German Fuhrer and Reichskanzler (essentially Chancellor) Adolf Hitler (1889 - 1945) (left) greets his Propaganda Minister Joseph Goebbels (1987 - 1945) a few hours after Hitler survived an assassination attempt by members of the Ge...
GERMANY - MAY 02: National Funeral Of General Colonel Hube In Berlin-Germany On May 2Nd 1944 (Photo by Keystone-France/Gamma-Keystone via Getty Images)
Austrian-born German Fuhrer and Reichskanzler (essentially Chancellor) Adolf Hitler (1889 - 1945) (foreground, left) visits with officers wounded in the July 20 attempt to assassinate Hitler by members of the German military, Germany, late July,...
GERMANY - JULY 20: (L-R) Deposed Italian dictator Benito Mussolini, German officer Paul Schmidt and Adolf Hitler survey damage at Hitler's bunker HQ Wolfschanze, aka the Wolf's Lair, hours after a failed bombing attempt on his life by members of...